Induction ventilator



Feb. 1o, w31. F, R. KELLEQ 1,792,308

` INDUCTION VENTILATOR Filed Aug. 18, 1928 INVENTOR 'Frlnk R- Kelleg b5 Ma/fw his ottornej Patented Feb; 1o, 1931 i FRANK R. KELLEY, or PITTSBURGH; rENNsYLVANIA'r;

' INnUoTioN VENTILATOR :Application led August 18 1928. Serial No.\300,479. Y Y

This invention relates to'an ,improvementl in an induction ventilator ,-cowl. .v The ventilator of the present invention con- "stitues certain additions and improvements 5 in the ventilatorillustrated `and `described '10 constructed with in my Patent No.j1,744,46, issued January 21,1930. e. f e

The object of the invention is to provide an induction cowl walls `and a Vbailie element contoured to give maximum efficiencyv at low wind velocities.

il, A further object of the invention is to proi vide a slightf'restriction in the throat ofv an II is .a sectionalprofile,of the ventilatorcowl 15; inle't ventilator cowl to increase the efficiency and velocity of the rinducedair. g.

Intheaccompanying drawings Figure I is a schematic view illustrating the-tendency' of fa baii'le plate, this view is. given for purposes vof aiding in the description of the .theory and operation of ,they present invention; Figure of thel .present invention; Figure IIIis a planview of the same; Figure IV is a sec- 'Y tional profile view ofeva slight modication of the cowl` of this invention; Figure Vis a sectional view'talren on the line V-Vof Figure IV;Figure .V I isa side lelevation of the cowl shown in section :in Figure II.

The reference numeral 1V indicates thejballle Vplate of a relatively simple and unspecialized cowl 2, having the roof S'formedvon a single radius curvature. This illustration showsto advantage the paths in which ingoing air were found, by experiment, tomove. The air in movingas wind from the left ofthe `cowl strikes the opening of the same, as indicated by arrows. t willzbe noted that the Vedge 4, which, as illustrated. in this case,`is

on a straight line, instead ofbeing curved as lit-would be inv a cowl of circular section,

causes the air stream to part. rSome air is de-f` liected upwardly 'over the roof of the cowl,

and a portion of, the air is deflected downwardly and then upwardly as indicated by the` arrows 5. The upper limit of the movement of the ingoing air is dened by the arrows 6,

and as indicated by the arrows 7 there is a` takes place;v

vedge 4 causes .air, which'eiectuatesavena contracta, and v which creates a region of turbulence, both for a ventilator, whichv is,v

a further lessening .-of ,the ventilator. f

region of turbulence, in which no induction This yturbulencerobs the air of kan appreciable amount `of' its ,kinetic energy.

`Therefore, it maybe understood thatgthe a rdownward trend of ingoing of whichvocour'at latingeiiiciency. Adjacent the the cost of overall venticausesa region of turbulence at 8, which has effect on, the elciency Figure II shows fasectional' viewthro'ug'h the'fcowl of thefpresent .invention; In this formpthe root and back 'p late9` iscontoured l `Vin section to create aconstraining surface air flow. through a substantially horizontal` 2Q `Opening underwa ,ventilator cowl and pastfor the inflowing air, whichvconfor'ms to the natural streamf-hne fflow of airjentering a cowl of this general type; that is, :for acowl in a plane substantially horizontal. Y' This ef- .:Eectual opening lies between thel lip 10 Aand the ridge k-11'251' of! the baille member 11,'eX-

f plained infra,.and is bounded onthesides'by `rthevoutwardly curvedside portions'lQa. Al- 1 less the liar'ed portions are formed in a vcurve continuous with the surfacesadjacent thereto, similar to the manner in which thev plate -9 curves smoothlyffrom the lip .10 into the `adjacent roof the arrows, Y greatly lessens the vena contracta and the turbulence adjacent said opening. It is further, importantfrom the standpoint of air flow, that the peak `9b ofthe -roof plate should lie approximately over the center line ofthe cowl as a whole. For the samekreaportion 90a As indicated by son, the portion 90 lis curved outwardly'and vertically beyond the throat and/or the opening of the downcomer 14.

Instead V of providing a uniformly vertical Hbaiie member,` such as the member 1 the improved cowlhas ai plate ll curved to .provide aballe and air detlectingsurface. The p0rtion Ylla of 'this plate is inclined inwardly ofthe ventilator upper-edge of -theffbalile y Vplate l, asimilar action takesV place, Vand Y havingan efectual" inlet. opening `which is y thisV curvature eliminates or from 60 to 80 degrees from ,the horizontal,

Y and this feature alone was found to give yan ber is-curved,;as Shown,

-to give the venti-latora much igreaterefliciency.

increase in eiiiciency. Even slight increases in efficiency are very valuable injnatural ventilation because of the low wind velocity with which the ventilatormust frequently operate. rIhe portion 11b of the baffle memto'eliminate the eddy currents,as at 8 in`Fig. I. The combination of the improvements above outlined operates As may be seen in Figure III-,..Lthe side plates12 are out-flared at 12a, as said, to afford an inlet area, relatively wide vwit-hrespect to its depth, and it 1may also bessen that vall of .the'plates of .the cowl converge to a square section at 13, where thecowl overlies the Ycircular downcomer pipe 14; Aso? ,20' called spider, well known in the art,` is con? veniently. employed for revolublynmounting the cowl.; "Ihe spider includes'l the cross- ,members- 15 for -laterally i securing .a cowllsupporting rod 15a within the'cowl.4 vSpider fsliprornns r-Od 15m c .however, that the .cow

Vmembers 15b are fixed within the downcomer 14,' and these spider memb'ersfde'cline toward y each .other tocarry mutuallyv at their lowerv ends a 'bearing block (not shown) for supporting pivotally the lower end of 4thecowl- It should bey stated, l may beimmovably fixedrto adowncomer, 'orlitmayibe mounted, to bef manually rotatedpasrfv is` .desir'ablel for4 Y, ship cowls.'.j

l cowl in rits vlower Since it is obviously Vpracticaly to form the jointure. Experiment has proven Tthat the slightly conicalgmember 16 is thermost etli- Lcientconstruction vto employ .forv this purfpose.' The upper square in section so that it may belriveted in position inthe cowl, and the lower edge-16?) iscircuflar in cross section to conform to they sectionofthe pipe'lt; that is, the member "16 vconverges downwardly from Vasquareto a circular section.

Ithasbeen Aproven that'ka'memberr, such as the memberV 16, havinga vdepth from the` portion 16a to the edge 166 equalto at least.

:.one halfpthat `of l.the mean .diameter of the saidmember, is more eliicient thana cylindri- .cal'lmemben A conical member-.having the 'area of its lower opening 70% of the .throat area at 16a, and haying ai relatively great depth, as gaforesaid,`was found to increase the average discharge 131 per cent .overfthat obtained b -yutiliZingthelargest cylinder that could ybe installed in the cowl throat to serve the same purpose. In fact, a similar conical` ,'memberhavingits lower areaSO per centof thatofthe ,throat was more efficient. than the said -largest fcylfinder. The `conical member the ventilator.

, izflrtoni125tov Seat over and. around the .upper edge 14apfthe` downcomer, Vit will also'be obvious thatan Yinner member should be employed to inwardly overlap thisV portion. 16a `thereof isv cooperates with the cowl portion of the ven- Y tilator to increase the velocity of the induced air, and to increase the overall The modified cowl, shown in Figures IV and V, involves a slightly dierent baffle ele- Y eiiiciency of ,A

ment 17, which is mounted in the back and i lroof plate 9a and the side pla-tes 12b. This f Figure VI `shows a sidey elevation of the cowlof Fig. II, and illustrates thejpleasing appearance o f thev structure. l It tis obvious,

.however that the principles of this invention maybe employed in a ventilator cowl whichr..

is.' substantially circular in its various Vcross sect-ions.'

What I claim is:v

1l" An intake ventilator including la cowl,

thereof of said'jpcowl projecting.forwardly.- and downwardly in a continuous and reverse' l curve toalipLand an'inletopening forsaid Y 'cowl extendin'g-v inwardly Afrom said lip and Vbeneath said roof, together. with a v'baiile vsurface disposed inwardly of the cowl and'eX-v tending upwardly to kapproximately the' horirental 'plane' of said lipi j 2., An intake.' ventilator `.in.c'luding' a cowl, the roof ofsaidy cowl projecting forwardly and downwardly ina"v continuous an'd'reverselj curve to a.lip,and"i`a'nl inlet openingfor said cowl extending lnwardlyfr'om saidv lip and beneath said roof-,together with 'afb'afile memt ber disposed inwardly yof the cowl' and eX- tending upwardly to approximately the l:horizontal planeof saidy lip, said baffle member being .formed with a roundedsurface -at its upper extremity. i

3. An 'ntake ventilator .including ka cowl formed'of Va roof: plateand side plates, the roof plate of 'said c owl projecting forwardly and downwardlyjina continuous and reverse curve to alip, andv an inlet opening for :said

cowl extending inwardly from said lip and beneath said roof plate, together with a bafile surface disposed beneath said roof plate A and'between 4said side platesfsaid 'baiilesurface extending upwardly to approximately the horizontal plane of said lip, the roof plate and side -plates'of `said cowl diverging part `way Vof their eXtenttofrsaid lip.

4. An intake ventil tor includinga kcowl Vrotatably mounted and extending downward- `ly over the upper peripheral edge O fa downweer.

and Ya conical member fixed within i iso said cOwl and extending downwardly past and within the peripheraledge of the downcomer, the height of saidV conical member being no less than one-half the largest diameterof said conical member. n

Inwitness whereof, I hereunto set myhand. Y

FRANK R. KELLEY. 

